Galvanized steel is steel coated with a protective layer of zinc to prevent rusting and increase the durability of steel structures. Galvanizing is done primarily through two methods, hot-dipped galvanizing and electro-galvanizing.
In hot-dipped galvanizing, steel sheets are dipped in a bath of molten zinc at 460⁰C. A zinc oxide layer is formed on the steel, which prevents the steel from corrosion.
In the electro-galvanizing method, steel sheets are dipped in a zinc ion solution, and current is passed through it so that zinc ions get uniformly spread over the steel sheets. Hot-dipped galvanizing is the most commonly used technique for galvanizing steel due to its low cost compared to electro-galvanizing.